物理、生物物理或生物力学方向博士职位（PRISM项目 - ROOTSTOCK）

*PRISM programme* The PRISM (PhD Research Programme for International Training in Sustainable Soft Matter) programme has launched its first call for applications, offering up to 14 fully funded PhD fellowships starting from 1 March 2027 at Paris Sciences & Lettres (PSL) University. The programme trains researchers to address ecological transition challenges through sustainable soft matter science, with projects focused on eco-friendly chemical processes, circular economy, renewable energies, and carbon capture, storage, and valorisation. Co-funded by the European Union under Horizon Europe MSCA COFUND (Grant Agreement 101261637) and partner institutions, PRISM provides interdisciplinary, international, and intersectoral training, including mobility opportunities, secondments, and courses in sustainability, innovation, entrepreneurship, career development, and transferable skills. Applications must be submitted via the PRISM website by 31 October 2026 (23:59 Paris time). *The PhD project* ROOTSTOCK: Plant root development affected by soil mechanical stresses In the context of climate change mitigation, the ‘4 per 1000 Soils for Food Security and Climate’ initiative launched during the COP21 states that an increase in global soil organic matter stocks in agricultural soils by +0.4% per year could offset 20-35% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Thanks to photosynthesis, plants are one of the most efficient system to transfer C from atmosphere to soils and to capture C through biomass increase via the development of plant roots. However reliable estimations of root C inputs to soil are currently lacking, partly because of the difficulty in quantifying and predicting the root system extent in opaque and heterogeneous soils. Responsiveness to change in environmental cues, called developmental plasticity, is markedly large for roots. Root system development is highly modulated by biological (competition and symbiosis with other organisms), chemical (nutrient availability, oxygen supply, pH…) and physical properties of soils. The architecture of the root system, that is its three-dimensional shape, largely derives from the distribution and diversity of individual root apical meristems, which continuously sense and adjust their growth according to their local environment. In particular, root growth is affected by the mechanical strength of the soil and by the presence of obstacles which scale match or exceed that of the root. As a consequence, the presence of zones of high mechanical resistance in the soil is one of the most common physical limitations to soil exploration by roots, with direct consequences on the C sequestration but also on the agricultural yield. In contrast to aerial organs, roots apices must exert a growth pressure to penetrate strong soils and reorient their trajectory to cope with obstacles like stones or to follow the tortuous paths of the soil porosity. When the soil becomes too compact due for instance to droughts, the mechanical strength of the soil increases and the distribution of poral network changes, resulting in growth arrest. In this interdisciplinary context, we have developed at PMMH experimental model systems to study the biophysical mechanisms underlying root responses to obstacles. The model systems include single or a collection of obstacles mimicking the mechanical heterogeneities in a soil. In particular, we investigate the growth response of a root pushing against a single obstacle such as a force sensor or growing inside a 3D-printed array of stiff obstacles. By coupling force and growth kinematics measurements under infra-red lighting, we probed the force-growth relationship of a primary root contacting a stiff resisting obstacle. The PhD-project aims at identifying the biophysical laws governing the spatial extent of a root system in an heterogeneous soil. A first approach is to investigate the response of the root to prescribed compression steps with controlled force to study its time-dependent mechanical properties and to decouple the mechanical responses from the biological feedbacks. Another approach is to use microfluidic systems to build arrays of granular substrates of soft hydrogel to vary the stiffness of obstacles encountered by roots as well as controllig the osmolarity of the external medium. *3i dimensions* INTERNATIONAL : The current project follows a previous PhD project on the effect of the structure of granular media on root growth (Jiaojiao YAO, 2025). It was conducted as part of an international collaboration with L.X. Dupuy’s group (Neiker Institute, Spanish Basque Country), through a joint supervision agreement. L.X. Dupuy is an Ikerbasque Research Professor working on Biophysics of plant-environment interaction and a member of a research consortium, Root2Res (Root phenotyping and genetic improvement for rotational crops resilient to environmental change). He was invited in PMMH through the funding of chaire Joliot from ESPCI. This collaboration will continue through this new PhD. E. Kolb is also a member of an informal consortium of European researchers in soft and active matter, robotics, and civil engineering that submitted a proposal for a doctoral student network focused on fibers (passive, active or living) and grains. Although the ITN project was not funded, collaborations still continue. INTERSECTORAL : The project on roots is part of the team’s broader research focus on the interactions between grains and fibers. E. Kolb is leading a work package (WP) as part of an ANR grant between SVI Saint-Gobain (P. Jop, project leader) and J.Y. Delenne (INRAE Montpellier) on the project titled CONFIG (Constrained fibers in granular media). This existing collaboration with Saint-Gobain could open up new opportunities for the future doctoral student. INTERDISCIPLINARY : Understanding root growth in a complex soil environment relies on an interdisciplinary approach. The thesis project involves experimental physicists from PMMH, biologists from INRAE and theoreticians from MSC in Paris. E. Kolb is accustomed to working at the interface between different scientific communities. She has previously published with soil scientists from IRD1 and biologists from the iEES laboratory2. She maintains an ongoing collaboration with ecophysiologists at INRAE Nancy, notably through joint publications and INRAE-funded projects. Together with colleagues from civil engineering, agronomy, and soil science, she coordinated and authored a book chapter on root-soil interactions in a book titled ”Soft Matter in Plants: From Biophysics to Biomimetics”3. This PhD project fits within this highly interdisciplinary context. It will also benefit from regular meetings organized by the GDR PhyP4, as well as informal bibliographic meetings among groups of physicists and biologists working on roots (INRAE Nancy, Clermont, MSC, PMMH, I2BC Paris-Saclay). 1 IRD (Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement). 2 Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement de Paris. 3 Chapter 5, Soft Matter in Plants: From Biophysics to Biomimetics, edited by K. Jansen and Y. Forterre and published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. 4 GDR Biophysique et Biomécanique des Plantes.

Requirements / required education level / degree: Master Degree or equivalent

Requirements / required education level / discipline: Physics

Requirements / skills: The candidate must have a primary background in physics or biophysics. She or he must have completed laboratory internships with a strong experimental component. Experience in soft matter, biophysics or biomechanics and image analysis is a bonus.

Requirements / specific requirements: We are seeking an enthusiastic candidate with a master’s degree or equivalent in physics, biophysics, or biomechanics, who demonstrates a strong passion for multidisciplinary research and collaboration with colleagues in biology, environmental sciences or mechanical engineering. She or he must be eager to conduct new experiments, with an independent, structured, and analytical work style, combined with a willingness to engage in interdisciplinary collaboration. It is recommended that the candidate have completed experimental internships in soft matter. It would be preferable for the candidate to have practical knowledge or hands-on experience with Python, ImageJ, and/or MATLAB for image processing and data analysis.

Requirements / required languages / language: ENGLISH

Requirements / required languages / language level: Excellent

Research experience / main research field: Physics

Research experience / years of research experience: 1 - 4

Additional information / benefits: *Salary* The PRISM programme offers a competitive salary above the national average for PhD candidates in France to attract and support excellent researchers. Doctoral candidates will receive an approximate net monthly salary of €2,200 , with additional family and mobility allowances available for eligible fellows. The salary is subject to French income tax, with the exception of the family and mobility allowances. Depending on the candidate's individual tax situation, income tax may represent approximately 2–5% of the net salary and is levied by the French tax authorities independently of the employer. To ensure consistent management and equal employment conditions across the programme, all PRISM doctoral candidates will be employed by ESPCI Paris , regardless of the host laboratory where their research is carried out. *Employer’s benefits* Remote working opportunities, access to sports and leisure activities, free access to public Paris city council’s swimming pools, access to CROUS canteen, scientific campus in central Paris, professional development programs, well-being workshops, social benefits through CNAS, partial health insurance support, and 75% support for sustainable mobility.

Additional information / eligibility criteria: • At the time of application, candidates must be in possession of their Master’s degree or equivalent/postgraduate degree which formally entitles them to start a doctorate. All applicants with a doctoral degree are ineligible. • A minimum English proficiency level of C1 (Advanced) is required for applicants from non-English-speaking countries. No French language skills are required. • Applicants must fulfil the transnational mobility rule: open to all nationalities but all incoming applicants must not have resided or carried out their main activity (work, studies, etc.) in France for more than 12 months in the 3 years immediately prior to the call for applications deadline. • Applicants must be available to start the program on schedule: 1st March 2027. • Completeness of the application, submitted in English on the PRISM dedicated website, before the deadline of 31 October 2026.

Additional information / selection process: The applications will go through the following assessment steps: 1) Eligibility check to ensure the administrative compliance of the applications (mandatory documents provided and eligibility conditions met). 2) Remote evaluation of each application by different reviewers depending on the open PhD projects selected by the applicants. The selected applicants will be informed of their results, their ranking and invited to participate in the next step of interviews. Unsuccessful applicants will receive a detailed report by email. 3) Interview and selection of the shortlisted applicants via videoconference, comprising: • A presentation (maximum 10 minutes) by the applicant of their motivation for applying to the program, including their experience and training in the field. Applicants will be explicitly asked to explain the fundamentals of the selected PhD research project and its scientific literature. The applicant will have the opportunity to make suggestions to shape their future PhD project. • A series of questions (10 minutes) put by the committee to the applicant. These will include technical questions on the fundamentals of the topic. In addition, in the interests of fairness, a list of common questions will be asked to each applicant.

4) Recruitment: once a candidate has been selected and has accepted the offer, the management team will initiate their recruitment process. For some nationalities, in compliance with French national requirements, the mandatory security clearance procedure will be launched at the final stage of recruitment. In the event of an unfavourable decision, the position will be offered to the next candidate on the reserve list.

Additional information / comment: *Name of the school of PSL* ESPCI - PSL (Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la ville de Paris) *Research Unit* Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogènes (UMR7636, PMMH) The PMMH laboratory is organized around three main research areas. The “Root-Soil Interaction” team falls under the “Physical Mechanics and Statistical Physics” research area, which focuses on slender structures, disordered solids such as granular materials, growth phenomena, and the mechanical behavior of heterogeneous media. The overarching question is how materials respond to forces and deformations, combining approaches from hydrodynamics, soft matter, and mechanics. The team is also part of the cross-cutting topic “Physics of Living Systems,” which addresses fundamental questions in biophysics. The “Root-Soil Interaction” team conducts experiments on real plant roots in specially designed, controlled substrates, but also works on biomimetic systems consisting of fibers in granular media, thereby mimicking the mechanical contribution of roots in a heterogeneous substrate. *Supervision* Supervisor: KOLB Evelyne evelyne.kolb@sorbonne-universite.fr Co-supervisor: BICO José jose.bico@espci.fr Candidates are encouraged to contact the project supervisors to discuss the proposed research topics before applying. All projects are open PhD projects, meaning that the research plan will be further developed collaboratively by the selected doctoral candidate and the supervisors. *Keywords* Biomechanics, plant roots, C storage, mechanical stresses, morphogenesis

Additional information / info website: https://blog.espci.fr/evelyne/home/

Work location / nr job positions: 1

Work location / job organisation institute: ESPCI Paris - PSL (Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la ville de Paris)

Work location / job country: France

Work location / job city: Paris

Work location / job postal code: 75005

Work location / job street: 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Barre Cassan, A Building, 1st floor

Hiring contact / organisation institute: ÉCOLE SUPÉRIEURE DE PHYSIQUE ET DE CHIMIE INDUSTRIELLES DE LA VILLE DE PARIS - PSL

Hiring contact / organisation institute type: Public Research Institution

Hiring contact / division faculty: Laboratory PMMH

Hiring contact / country: France

Hiring contact / city: Paris Cedex 05

Hiring contact / postal code: 75231

Hiring contact / street: 10 rue Vauquelin

Hiring contact / e mail: contact@prism.psl.eu

Hiring contact / website: https://www.pmmh.espci.fr/-Home-

Application / how to apply: website

Application / application website: https://prism.psl.eu/

EU funding / framework programme: Horizon Europe – COFUND

EU funding / cofund nr job position: 1

EU funding / sesam agreement number: 101261637

EU funding / job reference number: PRISM-2026-754629

Research field / main research field: Physics

Research field / sub research field: Biophysics

Research field / main research field: Biological sciences

Research field / sub research field: Botany

Researcher profile: First Stage Researcher (R1)

Positions: PhD Positions

Contract: Temporary

Job status: Full-time

Application deadline (as exported; timezone unverified): 2026-10-31T22:59:59